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Chongqing Benhai Electronic Techonlgy Co.,Ltd
Phone£º18121066650
Contact: Mr. Mu.
Website: www.cqbhdz.com
Company Address: No. 27 Lailong Second Street, Fenghuanghu Industrial Park, Yongchuan District, Chongqing.
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common problem |
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| Why does the ignition coil of a car always burn out? |
| RELEASE TIME£º2025/9/6 SOURCE£ºChongqing Benhai Electronic Techonlgy Co.,Ltd READING£º6078TIME |
1¡¢ Principle of ignition coil
It consists of a main coil, a secondary coil, a magnetic core, a switching transistor, and other auxiliary components. The main coil is charged by the battery, the secondary coil is discharged and ignited by a spark plug, and the transistor is responsible for switching. The charging time is controlled by the battery voltage and engine speed to ensure consistent energy during each charge. The ignition coil has two types: 3-wire and 4-wire. The 3-wire is for positive, negative, and switch control of the power supply, and the 4-wire has an additional ignition detection line to detect whether the spark plug is ignited.
Simply put, the ignition coil is a transformer, which increases the voltage from tens of volts to tens of thousands of volts. However, the voltage input to the primary coil is provided by an electronic igniter.
2¡¢ Reasons for ignition coil burnout
The main causes of ignition coil burnout are insulation layer aging and breakdown or damage to the switching transistor. A large spark plug gap can lead to high load, high heat generation, and rapid insulation layer aging of the main coil. A small spark plug gap can result in high discharge current, high heat generation, and rapid insulation layer aging of the secondary coil. The assembled ignition coil may have poor insulation material durability, high coil internal resistance, high heat generation, and low quality of the third stage transistor, resulting in a shorter lifespan.
If it always burns out and soon burns out again after replacement, what are the reasons for this? Here are some summaries:
1. First, let's take a look at the issue with the generator. If the power generation is too high and the load on the ignition coil is too heavy, it is easy to burn out. However, if the power generation is really too high, the vehicle's electrical appliances, such as light bulbs, will often be damaged; Of course, it cannot be ruled out that there may be quality issues with the accessories, so let's first measure the power generation. 2. If the spark plug gap is too large, adjust the gap or replace the spark plug; 3. Poor gasoline quality, try switching to higher grade gasoline; 4. The compression ratio of the cylinder is incorrect. Adjust the compression ratio; 5. If there is a program malfunction on the computer board, you can go to the repair shop to check the car with a computer and clear the erroneous information. If it still doesn't work, it could be a problem with your car's transmission. 6. Unstable power supply voltage; 7. The resistance of the high-voltage line is abnormal, replace the high-voltage line; 8. There is a short circuit phenomenon in the secondary; 9. The primary current of the ignition controller is too high, causing the ignition coil to overheat; 10. Poor work due to high temperature and high pressure waves; 11. There is a very small chance that it is a problem with the coil itself. You can try changing the brand; 12. The integrated block of the igniter is not working properly;
The ignition coil itself is a transformer, just like the transformer in household appliances. When the voltage changes within a specified range, the transformer will not burn out. Usually, transformer burning occurs when the transformer load is too heavy. Therefore, when solving this problem, we should try to find the cause of the overload or component aging.
3¡¢ Testing method
The crankshaft position sensor and camshaft position sensor are detecting normally, but there is no high-pressure fire, usually due to a broken power wire in the ignition coil assembly.
Using a high impedance multimeter and LED test: For models without distributor ignition, first unplug the primary winding plug of the 4-channel ignition coil, and use a high impedance multimeter to test the voltage at holes 3-4, which should not be less than 11V. Then connect the LED at holes 1, 4, and 3, 4 respectively. If the LED does not flash when the engine starts, it indicates that there is no low-voltage signal, and the low-voltage circuit should be checked carefully. A power transistor malfunction can affect the ignition control signal. The power transistor is an amplifier for the ignition control signal. Turn off the ignition switch, connect a light-emitting diode between the positive terminal of the battery and the terminal a of the power transistor, start the engine, and let it run for 10 seconds. If the light-emitting diode does not light up, the power transistor should be replaced.
Resistance value test: The resistance value of the ignition coil directly affects the ignition performance. If there is no fire or weak spark, the resistance values of the primary winding and secondary winding should be checked, and the high-voltage wires of each cylinder should be unplugged. The resistance values between cylinders 1 and 4 and between cylinders 3 and 4 should be measured at 20 ¡æ. If the resistance value is within the manufacturer's specified range, it indicates normal. If the resistance value is too low, it indicates an internal short circuit; If the resistance value is too high, it indicates an internal open circuit. If the measured value does not match the manufacturer's specifications, it must be replaced.
The main characteristics when the ignition coil is about to be damaged are that the ignition coil heats up and is hot to the touch.
Traditional car inspection for ignition coil faults mainly focuses on high-voltage sparking. Under the premise that the low-voltage circuit is normal, if the ignition coil is also not faulty, the sparking should be a strong blue spark. The ignition coil of electronic fuel injection mainly measures the impedance of the primary and secondary windings and uses light-emitting diodes to measure the circuit continuity.
If a spark plug of a certain cylinder is found to have no fire or malfunction, the high-pressure branch line of the cylinder can be removed, a new spark plug can be connected, and a spark can be ignited at a distance of 8mm from the cylinder body outside the cylinder. If it is normal, it indicates that the fault lies in the original spark plug.
If there is suddenly no fire or weak sparks while driving, an infrared thermometer or touch can be used to determine whether the ignition coil or ignition module has an internal short circuit or open circuit fault. When diagnosing faults, it is also possible to restart, and regardless of whether it can be started, the temperature of the ignition coil housing can be measured for judgment.
¢Ù Overheating of ignition coil: If the surface temperature of the ignition coil is greater than 95 ¡æ, it indicates an internal short circuit in the ignition coil and must be replaced.
¢Ú The ignition coil is too cold: When starting, if the surface temperature of the ignition coil is equal to the ambient temperature, it indicates that there is an internal circuit break in the ignition coil and it must be replaced.
¢Û Overheating of ignition module: If the temperature of the ignition module is above 100 ¡æ, it indicates an internal short circuit in the ignition module and must be replaced.
¢Ü The ignition module is too cold: When starting, if the ignition module and the ambient temperature are equal, it indicates that there is an internal open circuit in the ignition module and it must be replaced.
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